Crossing Borders/Breaking Boundaries 2000:

A Multidisciplinary Institute for Arts Educators

 

   

  Rituals and Traditions

Teacher: Leith Phillips, Easton High School (contact Leith)
Arts Discipline: Visual Arts
Grade Level: High School
Team: D
Topic: Africa & Its Influence

Click here to view the lesson plans of other Team D members.

Unit Overview

Essential Understandings:

  • African culture encompasses many rituals and traditions that are pervasive in their society.
  • Traditions are based on the concept of repetition over time.
  • Repetition is apparent in African art, music, theater, and dance.
  • African culture has influenced western society with the concept of repetition in western art, music, theater, and dance.


Learner Outcomes and Expectations:

  • Students will identify the presence of repetition in art, music, theater, and dance.
  • Students will demonstrate an understanding of the influence of African culture on western culture.
  • Students will create visual art, music, stories, and dance that reflect African rituals and traditions.


Essential Questions:

  • What is the role of rituals/traditions in African society?
  • What influence has rituals/traditions of African arts had on Western society?
  • How does repetition demonstrate this influence?
  • What makes rituals/traditions timeless?
Assessment:
  • Students should be able to explain the influence of African art forms on western culture.
  • Students should be able to state the role of repetition in various art forms, and to distinguish examples of repetition in their own surroundings.
  • Students should be able to create art/music/dance/theater that is based on African rituals and traditions, and demonstrates an understanding of its context.


Rationale

This unit will enable students to understand the role of the arts in the TRADITIONS AND RITUALS in African society and culture.  they will see and hear that repetition plays an important role in society.  Students will understand that even though Africa is a vast continent, it is possible to focus on one area to explain the traditions of the people without generalizing about the entire continent.

Students will explore the interrelationships of the Arts in Africa and how they have influenced western cultures.  They will see that the role of the visual arts, music and story telling are timeless in understanding Africa and its influence.
 

Visual Arts Lesson Plan: Ghanian Adinkra Cloth


Level for the lesson 3-12 (3-4 DAYS)
 

Objectives:

1. Locate Ghana on a map of Africa.

2. Describe some of the features of Ghana culture.

3. Explain importance of Adinkra symbols and cloth to the people of West Africa.

4. Design and print an Adinkra Cloth.
 
 

Materials:

1. Maps of Africa

2. Construction paper/Fabric (9"x12")

3. One potato for every two students/ Sponges may be used for smaller children

4. Sharp Knife

5. Pencils

6. Felt markers

7. Tempera Paint

8. Paint brushes

9. Cups to hold water for painting

10. Paper plates for paint
 

Cue Set:

Give the students some background information about Adinkra Cloth. Explain how the Ashanti people of Ghana once used Adinkra cloths exclusively for royalty but in recent years that has changed.
 

Best Shot:

1. Share some traditional examples

2. Share some non-traditional

3. Tell students they will design their own Adinkra cloth

4.Pass out construction paper/cloth and half of a potato/sponge to each student.
 

Guided Practice:

Students will begin planning and designing their own cloth under the guidance of the teacher. (Rough sketches and minor details should be complete at this stage by the students.)
 

Independent Practice:

1. Students will choose a color to print on

2. Divide paper/Fabric into 3" squares

3. One line divides sections, draw stitches with markers to give appearance

fabric sewn together.

4. Design stamps, use two traditional and create two stamps of your own.

(Design drawn on potato will print in the reverse)

5. Make sure edges of carving are smooth

6. Paint the potato with tempera paint then press it onto the paper/cloth,

making your print. Continue stamping the design in a symmetrical format.
 

Assessment:

Students should print clear symmetrical designs representative of Adinkra symbols. They should explain how their prints are reflective of traditional

Ghana culture and the land. (Written or Oral)
 

Background:

It is not exactly sure how adinkra cloth came to be. One version starts in the nineteenth century. There was a war between two kings. Adinkra, King of Gyaman, attempted to copy the designs of the sacred Golden Stool. The Golden Stool was the unifying force of the Asante Nation. This sacrilegious attempt angered the Asantehene, the Ashanti King Nana Osei Bonsue-Panyin.

In the war, Akinkera was defeated and killed. The cloth that King Akinkera wore in battle was taken by the Asante as a trophy. With the cloth, the Asante brought with them the art of stamping cloth.
 

Link to Western World:

Adinkra symbols have lately been used for many business logos. Look closely at African rocade cloth; Adinkra are the woven design. However, with most of us being unfamiliar with the meaning of the symbols we do not understand the messages.
 

To read anyone's t-shirt is to know where she's coming from. The t-shirt might say, "Just Do It" " Mother of Civilization!" Whatever it says, her
t-shirt conveys her message to the world. Adinkra cloth and symbols do the same thing.

 

 

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Sponsored by The Clarice Smith Performing Arts Center, The Center for Renaissance and Baroque Studies, and the Maryland State Department of Education.

 

We welcome your comments and suggestions.
Last updated 25 April 2001